Methodology
The Climate Policy Database collects greenhouse gas mitigation policies

Policies included in this database are often a combination of policies with an explicit climate change mitigation objective, such as greenhouse gas emissions reduction strategies; energy policies, that help to decarbonise the energy supply and/or reduce energy demand; and policies that aim to introduce low-emissions practices and technologies to non-energy sectors, such as agriculture and land use.

In this database a policy can be a law, strategic document, a target, or any other policy document that result in lasting reduction on the country’s emissions intensity. The Climate Policy Database does not track policies covering very specific areas, such as efficiency standards for individual engine types.

The Climate Policy Database closely tracks national climate policy developments in 42 countries including the European Union (EU) (see list below) and includes non-exhaustive information on other countries. The EU is treated as a country. Coverage of subnational and supranational policies is non-exhaustive for all countries.

For more details about our methodology and the list of indicators in the database, please download our documentation documentation

Table: Countries frequently updated in the CPDB
  • Argentina
  • Iran
  • Singapore
  • Australia
  • Japan
  • South Africa
  • Bhutan
  • Kazakhstan
  • South Korea
  • Brazil
  • Kenya
  • Switzerland
  • Canada
  • Mexico
  • Thailand
  • Chile
  • Morocco
  • The Gambia
  • China
  • Nepal
  • Turkey
  • Colombia
  • New Zealand
  • Ukraine
  • Costa Rica
  • Nigeria
  • United Arab Emirates
  • Egypt
  • Norway
  • United Kingdom
  • Ethiopia
  • Peru
  • Viet Nam
  • European Union
  • Philippines
  • Germany
  • India
  • Russian Federation
  • United states of America
  • Indonesia
  • Saudi Arabia
 
Data collection and validation

The CPDB is annually updated to include latest policy developments. These updated include new policies adopted and updates on existing policies, such as changes to the content and implementation status of policies (for example, when a policy is ended, superseded, or goes from being planned to in force).

Updating the CPDB is a collaborative effort of country experts who track new policies adopted in individual countries as part of their specific work. This research process includes surveying existing policy databases (see list below), as well as analysing official government documents, third-party reports, news sites and others.

data collection flow

Figure: Overview of CDPB data collection process.

The CPDB core team collects information from country experts and categorises it according to the CPDB’s taxonomies (see below). New or updated policies are checked against existing policies to ensure consistency and avoid duplication. Finally new policies are uploaded to the CPDB website. A bulk update is planned every year, where the previous year’s policies are added to the database, with smaller updates also happening throughout the year.

Table: Climate policy data sources reviewed
NameCoverageCountry coverageTypeWebsite
Asia Pacific Energy Portal
  • Economy-wide
  • Asia-Pacific
Database
Brown to Green report
  • Economy-wide
  • G20
Report
Climate Watch
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Database
Climate Action Tracker
  • Economy-wide
  • Several countries
Report
Columbia Law School Database
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Database
COMMIT
  • Economy-wide
  • A few countries
Report
Deutsche Bank Global Climate Policy Tracker
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Report
Dieselnet
  • Emissions standards
  • A few countries
Report
ECOLEX
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Database
EU Climate Change Mitigation Policies and Measures
  • Economy-wide
  • EU
Database
GBPN - Building Policies for a Better World
  • Buildings
  • A few countries
Database
ICAP Emissions Trading Schemes
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Database
IEA Clean Coal Database
  • Emissions standards
  • Worldwide
Database
IEA Policy Database
  • Energy-related
  • Worldwide
Database
NDCs - UNFCCC
  • NDCs
  • Worldwide
Report
Climate Change Laws of the World
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Database
OECD Energy taxes
  • Economy-wide
  • OECD + others
Database
GHG mitigation policies in major emitting countries: an overview of recently adopted policies
  • Economy-wide
  • Several countries
Report
REN21
  • Energy-related
  • Worldwide
Report
RES Legal
  • Renewables
  • EU
Database
State Energy Efficiency Policy
  • Efficiency
  • USA
Database
State Energy Efficiency Policy
  • Efficiency
  • USA
Database
State incentives of RE & EE
  • Energy-related
  • USA
Database
Transport policy
  • Transport
  • A few countries
Report
UNFCCC NatComs and BURs
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Report
WTO Environmental Database
  • Economy-wide
  • Worldwide
Database
Taxonomy

The CPDB classifies policies in key areas according to custom taxonomies to enable comparative policy analyses. These taxonomies were developed based on extensive research on climate policies and aim at providing a menu of options in important areas, to help track progress and identify gaps in policy adoption (Nascimento et al., 2022). The CPDB classifies policies according to the following main taxonomies.

 Table: Summary of key CPDB taxonomies
TaxonomiesElements
SectorsAgriculture and Forestry, Buildings, Electricity and heat, General, Industry, Transport
Policy instrument typesEconomic instruments, Regulatory instruments, Codes and standards, Voluntary approaches
Mitigation areaEnergy service demand reduction and resource efficiency, Energy efficiency, Renewables, Other low-carbon technologies and fuel switch, Non-energy, Cross-area policy options

 

For more information about the taxonomies is included in our documentaion or in the publication:

Nascimento, L. et al. (2022) ‘Twenty years of climate policy: G20 coverage and gaps’, Climate Policy, 22(2), pp. 158–174. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2021.1993776.