The emirate of Abu Dhabi implemented the first mandatory sustainability building standards and rating system (Pearl 1 - 5) in the region, called Estidama, adapted to the local climate from leading international references. The programme sets a minimum standard (Pearl 1) for all new construction in the emirate, which has reduced energy and water consumption by over 33% from the pre-Estidama baseline. All government and government-funded buildings are furthermore required to achieve Pearl 2 rating. The system also sets sustainability standards for public spaces and planned developments, including mixed-use zoning, shading, and public transport links.