The current action plan suggests ways to mitigate air pollution in Kathmandu Valley, where levels of PM 2.5 (particulate matter of diameter less than 2.5 micrometers, µm) are far beyond the 25 µg/ m3 ceiling set by the World Health Organization. Addressing indoor as well as outdoor air pollution and recognizing the importance of raising awareness, the plan recognizes the need to control air pollution emitted from the transportation, industrial, and construction sectors and inefficient waste management. It proposes the development of an environment-friendly and sustainable transport system, an air quality management decision support system, and possible policy and legal frameworks for the emergency management of air pollution.