Rwanda’s NDC takes as reference year 2015 and as end year 2030. Under the BAU scenario, in 2030, it is expected to reach 12.1 million tCO2 e. The country is committed to reduce up to 4.6 MtCO2e (38%) in 2030 against the BAU emissions conditioned to foreign investments. Nevertheless, it also posits an unconditional goal of reducing 16% relative to the BAU scenario (1.9 MtCO2e).

The main sectors considered are energy (electricity, transport), industry, land use, agriculture and waste (Rwanda NDC, 2020).

As policy objectives, the Ministry of Environment outlined economic transformation toward sustainable practices, such as resource efficiency, low carbon, climate resiliency, circular economy, green technology, green urbanization, and green mobility; Furthermore, the promotion of climate change adaptation, mitigation and response while investing in environment and climate change governance (including education & awareness of Rwandan society on environment, weather and climate change, and strengthen the institutional framework and coordination mechanisms); and to promote green foreign and domestic direct investment and other capital inflows.