The Kingdom will implement actions, projects, and plans outlined in this submission that aim at reducing, avoiding, and removing GHG emissions by 278 MtCO2e annually by 2030, with the year 2019 designated as the base year for this NDC (it is unclear but probable that this reduction target is measured against a BAU scenario). This ambition is more than a two-fold increase versus the previous one as outlined in the Kingdom’s INDC (130 MtCO2e).