Brazil

General

Very poor

Poor

Fair

Good

Very good

Electricity and heat

Very poor

Poor

Fair

Good

Very good

Industry

Very poor

Poor

Fair

Good

Very good

Buildings

Very poor

Poor

Fair

Good

Very good

Land transport

Very poor

Poor

Fair

Good

Very good

Agriculture and forestry

Very poor

Poor

Fair

Good

Very good

The matrix below provides an overview of what constitutes comprehensive climate policy coverage (details are provided here). The options were identified based on policies that are generally agreed to contribute to emissions reductions (IPCC, 2014), represent sector-level example policies, which have been successful in specific contexts (UNFCCC, 2018; UNEP, 2019), or are expected to result in sufficient sectoral transformation to achieve emissions reductions (Mitchell et al., 2011; GEA, 2012; OECD/IEA and IRENA, 2017; IEA, 2018, 2019). For a complete list of climate policies in this country, see the table at the bottom of the page.

Legend:

At least one policy in force

No policy in force

Not applicable

Policy option	Related policies	Change activity	Energy efficiency	Renewables	Other low carbon	Non-energy
Climate strategy	Decree establishing the Inter-ministerial Commission on Climate Change (CIMGC) Brazil (1999) National Climate Change Plan Brazil (2007) National Plan on Climate Change Brazil (2008) Decree establishing the Inter-ministerial Committee on Climate Change (CIM) Brazil (2019) Nationally Determined Contribution - NDC Brazil (2022) Nationally Determined Contribution - NDC Brazil (2023)
GHG reduction target	Nationally Determined Contribution - NDC Brazil (2022) Kigali Amendment on HFCs Brazil (2021) Nationally Determined Contribution - NDC Brazil (2023)
Coordinating body for climate strategy	Decree establishing the Inter-ministerial Commission on Climate Change (CIMGC) Brazil (1999) Decree establishing the Inter-ministerial Committee on Climate Change (CIM) Brazil (2019)
No fossil fuel subsidies	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Support for low-emission and negative emissions RD&D	Research Network on Global Climate Change – Climate Network Brazil (2007) CCS support schemes: Brazil (2006) Energy efficiency Program in Public Buildings - PROCEL EPP Brazil (1997) Law 11,284 establishing the management of Public Forests, Brazil (2006) Law 12,144 establishing the National Fund on Climate Change (NFCC) Brazil (2009) Law 12,805 establishing the National Policy on Farming-Livestock-Forest Integration Brazil (2013) National Electricity Conservation Program - PROCEL Brazil (1985) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) National Institute of Science and Technology – INCT for Climate Change Brazil (2008) PROCEL Build Brazil (2003) PROCEL Industry Brazil (2003) Network of Innovation in the Electric Sector (Rise) Brazil (2018)
Economy-wide energy efficiency target	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Renewable target for primary energy	Country has not adopted this policy option.

Policy option	Related policies	Change activity	Energy efficiency	Renewables	Other low carbon	Non-energy
Support for highly efficient power plant stock	Inova Energia Program Brazil (2013) CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) National Electricity Conservation Program - PROCEL Brazil (1985) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) Reduction of losses of distribution transformers Brazil (2019)
Energy reduction obligation schemes	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Renewable energy target for electricity sector	10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (PDE - 2019) PDE 2031 10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (2022)
Support scheme for renewables	10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (PDE - 2019) Inova Energia Program Brazil (2013) Net Metering for Distributed Generation Brazil (2012) CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) Electric power auctions - Biomass Brazil (2008) Electric power auctions - Wind Brazil (2009) Luz para Todos (Ligth for All) Brazil (2003) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) Wind Turbine Component Tax Exemption Brazil (2014) Law 14,120/2021 on power sector Brazil (2021) Law 13,203 on the renegotiation of the hydrological risk of generating electricity Brazil (2015) Law 14,300 on micro- and mini distributed generation Brazil (2022) Resolution to regulate the use of distributed generation Brazil (2005) Policy on net metering for micro- and small renewable power generation Brazil (2022) PDE 2031 10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (2022) Law 14.299 on a just energy transition Brazil (2022)
Grid infrastructure development and electricity storage	10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (PDE - 2019) CNPE Resolution 15/2020 on Micro and small-scale distributed generation Brazil (2020) Law 14,300 on micro- and mini distributed generation Brazil (2022) Resolution to regulate the use of distributed generation Brazil (2005) PDE 2031 10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (2022)
Coal and oil phase-out policies	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Support scheme for CCS	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Support for non-renewable low-carbon alternatives	10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (PDE - 2019) CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) PDE 2031 10-year Plan for Energy Expansion Brazil (2022)
Overarching carbon pricing scheme	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Energy and other taxes	CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) Law 13,203 on the renegotiation of the hydrological risk of generating electricity Brazil (2015)

Policy option	Related policies	Change activity	Energy efficiency	Renewables	Other low carbon	Non-energy
Strategy for material efficiency	National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) Resolution No 806 of 2020 from ANP Brazil (2020) Decree no. 10.387 to provide incentives for financing infrastructure projects with environmental and social benefits Brazil (2020)
Support for energy efficiency in industrial production	CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) National Electricity Conservation Program - PROCEL Brazil (1985) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) National Programme for Energy Efficient Use of Petroleum and Natural Gas Derivatives - CONPET Brazil (1991) Alliance Program for Energy Efficiency Brazil (2019)
Energy reporting and audits	PROCEL Industry Brazil (2003)
Performance and equipment standards	Law 10,295 establishing the National Conservation and Rational Energy Use Policy Brazil (2001) Minimum Energy Performance Standards for Motors Brazil (2016)
Support scheme for renewables	CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011)
Support scheme for CCS	CCS support schemes: Brazil (2006)
Support scheme for fuel switch	National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011)
Carbon dioxide removal technology development	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Incentives to reduce CH4 from fuel exploration and production	Law 12,351/10 on Gas and Oil Royalty Payments Brazil (2010) Regulation on oil and natural gas losses Brazil (2000) Resolution No 806 of 2020 from ANP Brazil (2020)
Incentives to reduce landfill CH4	National Policy on Solid Residues (Law No. 12305 Brazil (2010) Decree no. 10.387 to provide incentives for financing infrastructure projects with environmental and social benefits Brazil (2020)
Incentives to reduce N2O from industrial processes	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Incentives to reduce F-gases	Kigali Amendment on HFCs Brazil (2021)
Overarching carbon pricing scheme or emissions limit	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Energy and other taxes	CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) Law 12,351/10 on Gas and Oil Royalty Payments Brazil (2010)

Policy option	Related policies	Change activity	Energy efficiency	Renewables	Other low carbon	Non-energy
Urban planning strategies	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Building codes and standards as well as support for highly efficient construction	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Performance and equipment standards as well as support for highly efficient appliances	Efficient lighting policy Brazil (2010) Law 10,295 establishing the National Conservation and Rational Energy Use Policy Brazil (2001) National Electricity Conservation Program - PROCEL Brazil (1985) PROCEL Seal and label Brazil (1993) Efficiency Standards for Refrigerators and Freezers Brazil (2018) Energy Performance Standards for ceiling fans Brazil (2017) Minimum efficiency standards for air conditioners Brazil (2018)
Support scheme for heating and cooling	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Support scheme for hot water and cooking	Country has not adopted this policy option.
Energy and other taxes	Country has not adopted this policy option.

Policy option	Related policies	Change activity	Energy efficiency	Renewables	Other low carbon	Non-energy
Urban planning and infrastructure investment	Plan for Logistics and Transportation - PNLT Brazil (2007) Sectoral Transport and Urban Mobility Plan Brazil (2013)
Energy/emissions performance standards or support for energy efficient light-duty vehicles	Diesel and Gasoline Standards Brazil (2001) Program for Controlling Air Pollution from Motorcycles and Similar Vehicles – Promot Brazil (2002) Programa de Controle da Poluição do Ar por Veículos Automotores (PROCONVE) Brazil (2012) Rota 2030 Mobility and Logistics Brazil (2018)
Energy/emissions performance standards or support for energy efficient heavy-duty vehicles	Diesel and Gasoline Standards Brazil (2001) Programa de Controle da Poluição do Ar por Veículos Automotores (PROCONVE) Brazil (2012) Rota 2030 Mobility and Logistics Brazil (2018)
Support scheme for biofuels	Inova Energia Program Brazil (2013) CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002) Ethanol Blending Mandate Brazil (1993) Ethanol export tax credit Brazil (2011) Mandatory Biodiesel Requirement Brazil (2005) National Biodiesel Programme (PNPB) Brazil (2005) National Energy efficiency Plan Brazil (2011) RenovaBio (Decree 9308) Brazil (2018)
Support for modal share switch	National Urban Mobility Policy (Law 12.587) Brazil (2012) Sectoral Transport and Urban Mobility Plan Brazil (2013)
Support for low-emissions land transportation	Resolution 819 - Procedures and conditions for carrying out electric vehicle recharging activities Brazil (2018) Import tax relief for EVs Brazil (2018) Import tax relief for Hybrid Vehicles Brazil (2014) Decree no. 10.387 to provide incentives for financing infrastructure projects with environmental and social benefits Brazil (2020)
Tax on fuel and/or emissions	CIDE fuel tax Brazil (2002)

Policy option	Related policies	Change activity	Energy efficiency	Renewables	Other low carbon	Non-energy
Standards and support for sustainable agricultural practices and use of agricultural products	Ecological Sales Tax - ICMS Ecologico Brazil (1992) Private Nature Reserves Brazil (2008) Inovagro Programme Brazil (2019) Law 14,119/2021 on National Policy for Payment for Environmental Services Brazil (2021) National Programme for the Reduction of Methane Emissions - Zero Methane Brazil (2022)
Incentives to reduce CO2 emissions from agriculture	Brazilian Agricultural Policy for Climate Adaptation and Low Carbon Emission (ABC+ Plan) Brazil (2010)
Incentives to reduce CH4 emissions from agriculture	Brazilian Agricultural Policy for Climate Adaptation and Low Carbon Emission (ABC+ Plan) Brazil (2010)
Incentives to reduce N2O emissions from agriculture	Brazilian Agricultural Policy for Climate Adaptation and Low Carbon Emission (ABC+ Plan) Brazil (2010)
Incentives to reduce deforestation and enhance afforestation and reforestation	Amazon Fund (Decree No. 6527/08) Brazil (2008) Law 11,284 establishing the management of Public Forests, Brazil (2006) Law 12,805 establishing the National Policy on Farming-Livestock-Forest Integration Brazil (2013) National Forests - Flonas Brazil (2000) National Registry of Public Forests Brazil (2009) National System for Preventing and Combating Forest Fires - PREVFOGO Brazil (1989) National System of Conservation Units Brazil (2001) Presidential Decree on deforestation Brazil (2007) Sustainable Amazon Plan (PAS) Brazil (2008) Terra Legal Program (Federal Law 11952 Brazil (2009) The National System of Protected Areas - SNUC Brazil (2000) Decree no 10.144 instituting the National Commission for the Reduction of GHG Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Brazil (2019) Decree no 10.142 instituting the Executive Committee for the Control of Illegal Deforestation and the Recovery of Native Vegetation Brazil (2019) Decree No. 8.972 creating the National Policy for the Recovery of Native Vegetation Brazil (2017) Decree No. 11.548, of June 5, 2023 establishing the National Committee for REDD+ Brazil (2023)
Sustainability standards for biomass use	RenovaBio (Decree 9308) Brazil (2018) Inovagro Programme Brazil (2019)

Policy name	Sector	Policy type	Decision date
Decree No. 11.547, of June 5, 2023 on the Low Carbon Industry Technical Committee Brazil (2023)	Industry	Energy efficiency Energy service demand reduction and resource efficiency Non-energy use Other low-carbon technologies and fuel switch Renewables	2023
Decree 11.368 on the Amazon Fund Brazil (2023)	Agriculture and forestry	Non-energy use	2023
Decree No.11.550 of June 5 2023 establishing the Interministerial Committee on Climate Change Brazil (2023)	General	Energy efficiency Energy service demand reduction and resource efficiency Non-energy use Other low-carbon technologies and fuel switch Renewables	2023
Decree 11367 on the creation of the Permanent Interministerial Commission for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation Brazil (2023)	Agriculture and forestry	Non-energy use	2023
Decree No. 11.548, of June 5, 2023 establishing the National Committee for REDD+ Brazil (2023)	Agriculture and forestry Forestry	Non-energy use	2023
Nationally Determined Contribution - NDC Brazil (2023)	General	Energy efficiency Energy service demand reduction and resource efficiency Non-energy use Other low-carbon technologies and fuel switch Renewables Unknown	2023
Law 14.299 on a just energy transition Brazil (2022)	Electricity and heat Renewables	Renewables	2022

Policy coverage:

Policy matrix and sectoral coverage

List of climate policies in Brazil

Brazil policies

Distribution across mitigation areas